Animal Bites / Injuries
Laboratory Procedures
- Rabies Testing: Human and animal testing procedures through the SPHL are described in the “Rabies” section of this Manual. Additional information on laboratory procedures can be obtained from Veterinary Public Health, the Regional Communicable Disease Coordinator, or the SPHL. The SPHL telephone number is 573 -751-3334 and the web site is: https://health.mo.gov/lab/ [Needs Link].
- Simian B Herpesvirus: Human and primate (non-human) testing is available through the B Virus Resource Laboratory, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA. The website for this laboratory is: https://biotech.gsu.edu/virology/. The web site provides information on simian B herpesvirus, specimen submission instructions, a case evaluation checklist, etc. The following specimens should be submitted for the bitten human who is being tested: serum collected at the time of the bite, plus two weeks and six weeks post -bite; bite wound culture. The following specimens should be submitted from the non-human primate: serum (antibody testing) and buccal mucosal swab (culture) at the time of the bite.
Note: The process of obtaining specimens from non -human primates should be undertaken only by an experienced veterinarian who understands the procedures and risks involved.
Note: Macaque bites should be regarded as a medical emergency until suspicion of herpesvirus is disproven. Antiviral prophylaxis must be administered within 24 hours of the bite if it is to be effective. The treating physician should not wait for herpesvirus serology test results to come back on the macaque (these results are used to determine further medical follow up and to help establish the prognosis). Asymptomatic adults are generally prophylaxed with valacyclovir while acyclovir is used for children.
Note: Simian B herpesvirus exposure risk assessments are complex, and LPHAs/physicians are encouraged to consult with the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services.
- Other Laboratory and Clinical Testing: Information regarding testing for other pathogens may be obtained from Veterinary Public Health, 573 -751-6113.